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Class | E Number | Name | Reactants Used | Ionic Charge | Key Characteristics & Stability | Common Applications |
| Class I | E150a | Plain/Caustic Caramel | No ammonia or sulfite compounds | Neutral to slightly negative | Lightest color, good alcohol stability. | Spirits, bakery, confectionery. |
| Class II | E150b | Caustic Sulfite Caramel | Sulfite compounds | Negative | Good alcohol stability, reddish-brown tone. | Cognac, sherry, some vinegars. |
| Class III | E150c | Ammonia Caramel | Ammonia compounds | Positive | Stable in high-salt environments, beer-stable. | Soy sauce, beer, baked goods, gravies. |
| Class IV | E150d | Sulfite Ammonia Caramel | Sulfite and ammonia compounds | Negative | Most versatile, acid-stable, dark color. | Soft drinks (colas), sauces, pet food. |